Янв 02 2009
Какой же привод лучше?
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На заднем приводе вывернутые передние колеса создают эффект торможения, в то время как толкающие задние — избыточную силу. Получается, что заднеприводные автомобили склонны к заносу. Это называется избыточной поворачиваемо-стью. Переднеприводные колеса, наоборот, склонны к сносу в поворотах из-за избытка или недостатка тяги при чрезмерных углах поворота колес. Такое явление называется недостаточной повора-чиваемостью. Как видите, оба типа привода имеют недостатки. Поэтому если вы хотите всегда себя чувствовать уверенно, купите автомобиль с полным приводом (например, Subaru) — они стоят относительно недорого. Можно, конечно, купить полноприводный BMW или Audi, но за те же деньги можно купить два Subaru.
Многие автомобилисты считают, что зимой на переднем приводе безопаснее. Может, и так, но все зависит больше от того, как вы умеете ездить. Например, у меня никогда не было собственного переднеприводного автомобиля — все заднепривод-ные. Хорошая зимняя резина и немного ума в голове — вот и все, что нужно для езды зимой. Да, пару раз застревал в снегу, но специально для этого в багажнике лежит небольшая саперная лопатка — штука нужная, особенно если можешь оказаться за пределами расчищенных дорог. Также помогает зимой система ASC, которой сейчас оснащены практически все современные автомобили (если не считать бюджетных авто), поэтому бояться заднего привода не нужно.
Вообще рядовой водитель в обычных условиях не заметит разницы между передним и задним приводом. Разница проявляется лишь в скоростном прохождении поворотов. И тут задний привод лучше! Да, именно задний — я не ошибся. Этот автомобиль сам «хочет» поворачиваться, он создан для поворотов. На переднем приводе передние колеса выполняют практически всю работу — и разгон, и торможение, и поворот. Их легко заставить делать непосильную работу. В результате шины перегреваются и теряют сцепные свойства. Вот почему на болидах «Формулы 1» применяется только задний привод!
При выходе из поворота на переднеприводном авто нужно быть очень внимательным: резкое нажатие на газ приведет к перераспределению веса автомобиля, облегчению передней части, что вызывает сильную недостаточную поворачиваемость автомобиля, то есть снос передней оси — автомобиль начинает сносить в сторону.
С другой стороны, если рассматривать обычную езду, то передний привод безопасен тем, что он меньше склонен к заносу. Поэтому его и выбирают многие начинающие водители.
Теперь выбор за вами. Если вы хотите максимальной безопасности в любую погоду, то только полный привод. Если хотите просто перемещаться от пункта А до пункта Б — тогда передний привод. Если любите активную езду и при этом хотите быть уверенным в автомобиле — тогда задний привод (но все равно будьте осторожны с заносами — их нужно контролировать!).
Метки:автомобиль, вал, вид, газ, задний, лист, лопатка, мост, передний, пол, привод, система
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